Water filtration systems

These filtration plants use  layers of quartz to remove solids suspended in the water. They are suitable for the treatment of primary and process water in  various industrial sectors because they guarantee an effective removal of fine particles, low operating costs and easy maintenance.

They are filtration plants  that use layers of sand as a filter medium to remove suspended solids from the water. This technology is widely used in waste water treatment plants, processes and even drinking water: it ensures effective removal of particles of various sizes, a reliable and proven filtration system and excellent performance with large volumes of water.

This technology uses activated carbon to remove from the water, through adsorption, organic pollutants potentially harmful to people and the environment (COD removal, BOD removal, pesticide removal, color removal). It is used for the treatment of drinking water and process  water and for the purification of water contaminated with organic substances. Its advantages include the high adsorption capacity of organic substances and volatile chemical compounds and the improvement of the overall organoleptic qualities of water.

These water filtration plants use special filter cartridges to remove particles and impurities from the water. They are generally indicated for low flow rates and low concentrations of suspended solids, often as pre-filtration in reverse osmosis or ultra-filtration plants, and in sectors that require high performance in the filtration process, such as in pharmaceutical industries, food and electronics. In addition to high efficiency and reliability, the advantages of this technology include easy cartridge replacement and versatility in various filtration grades.

These systems use filters capable of self-cleaning, usually by a back-washing mechanism. They are ideal for low flow rates in the presence of high concentrations of solids and ensure concrete reduction of downtime-activity, reduced need for manual maintenance, reliability and consistency in the quality of water filtration.

Especially when using groundwater, it is possible that elements are dissolved in it which make it unsuitable for industrial or civil use due to the presence of heavy metals (such as  iron or manganese) or other elements (such as arsenic). In these cases, specific water treatment plants  are used: selective filtration with pyrolusite for the removal of iron and manganese (deferrization and demanganization); selective filtration with ion-exchange resins for heavy metal removal; Selective filtration with  titanium dioxide or modified zeolites for the removal of arsenic.

The hardness of acquasi means  a value that expresses the total content of calcium and magnesium ions and any heavy metals, due to the presence of soluble salts. The hardness of water can be reduced by filtration on a softening plant, or with the aid of a water treatment plant. The water containing an ion exchange resin consists of a polymer bearing sodium ions (Na+). These sodium ions are exchanged with the calcium and magnesium ions naturally present in water. The hardness is then retained by the resin which is subsequently regenerated by treatment with  concentrated salt water (NaCl) (brine). The water softener then removes the  calcium and magnesium ions which make the water hard and replaces them with sodium. Depending on the type of water required, the softening can be total, that is, the water is completely softened with a residual hardness equal to zero, or partial, or maintaining a certain degree of residual hardness (this is often the case in domestic softeners).

Selective removal is a process that aims to remove specific contaminants or impurities from water, using techniques and materials that act in a targeted manner on certain substances without significantly altering the composition of the water itself. Depending on the contaminant to be removed, the process will take the name of deferrization (iron), dearsenification (arsenic) or demanganization (manganese).

Deference plants are designed to remove iron dissolved in water, which can cause stains and metallic flavors. They use methods such as oxidation and  filtration to convert soluble iron into an insoluble form that can be easily filtered.

Arsenification plants are used to remove arsenic from drinking water, a contaminant known for its toxic effects. These plants often employ techniques such as adsorption on specific materials (e.g., iron oxides) or ion exchange processes.

Deorganizationplants are designed to remove manganese from water, which can cause aesthetic and taste problems. Similar to deferrization plants, they use oxidation and filtration  to convert manganese into an insoluble form.

Plants using chelating resins are effective in removing heavy metals such as lead, mercury and cadmium, zinc, nickel, copper. Chelating resins selectively bind heavy metals, allowing them to be removed from water  through ion exchange processes.

Ion exchange resin plants use  synthetic resins to remove unwanted ions from the water and replace them with less problematic ions. This method is effective to reduce water hardness (removal of calcium and magnesium) and to remove other specific contaminants such as nitrates and heavy metals.

Stripping towers are used to remove gases dissolved in water, such as carbon dioxide, ammonia and volatile organic compounds. The process takes place by passing water through a column filled with filling material, where it comes into contact with a flow of air or gas which facilitates the removal of dissolved gases.